Discontinuous reception (drx) enhancements in lte systems

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of a system and method for providing DRX enhancements in LTE systems are generally described herein. In some embodiments, a system control module is provided for controlling communications via a communications interface. A processor is coupled to the system control module and is arranged to implement an inactivity timer and an on-duration timer for determining an active time for monitoring subframes on the physical downlink control channel for control signals, the processor further monitoring subframes after the active time.

RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Ser.No. 61/707,784, filed Sep. 28, 2012, and entitled “ADVANCED WIRELESSCOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNIQUES,” which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

In LTE Release-11, discontinuous reception (DRX) is used as the timedomain multiplexing (TDM) solution to solve in-device coexistenceproblem. In UE assistance information sent from UE to eNB, UE can reportDRX starting offset, which is useful to reduce or avoid WiFi beaconcollision. However, reporting a single DRX starting offset value has theproblem that there is restriction on eNB scheduling flexibility. Forexample, if eNB already uses the same DRX starting offset for many otherUEs, then using the same DRX starting offset results in that manysubframes are overloaded while other subframes are underloaded.

In LTE Release-11, Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel (EPDCCH)is introduced. In E-PDCCH, each DCI is transmitted over one subframe.This is different from PDCCH which transmits within a first few symbolsin a subframe. User equipment (UE) may monitor UE specific search spacein ePDCCH when ePDCCH is configured. However, the UE also monitorscommon search space in PDCCH.

In LTE, an inactivity timer is started at the subframe when the UEreceives initial DL and UL grant and counts from the next subframe. ThePDCCH decoding may finish before the next subframe. However, if ePDCCHis introduced, the UE starts ePDCCH decoding in the end of the subframebecause the UE needs to receive the subframe to decode the ePDCCH DCImessage. Even if the UE decoding time is very short, the UE would not beable to complete the ePDCCH decoding in the next subframe at theearliest. Therefore, the UE could not determine whether the initial DLor UL grant is received in the next subframe. Due to the latency withePDCCH decoding, the UE may not able to start the inactivity timer atthe subframe.

If the next subframe is an active subframe, there is no problem even ifthe UE cannot start inactivity timer in the subframe in which the UEreceives initial DL or UL grant. However, if the next subframe is aninactive subframe, the UE cannot monitor PDCCH or ePDCCH even if theactive time is extended with inactivity timer because the decoding inePDCCH has not completed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a high-level example of a networksystem comprising a UE and an eNB, in accordance with variousembodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates a radio frame structure according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 illustrates a discontinuous reception (DRX) according to anembodiment;

FIGS. 4 a-b illustrate the handling of an inactivity timer according toan embodiment;

FIG. 5 illustrates the state transitions for DRX according to anembodiment;

FIGS. 6 a-c shows operation of DRX active time according to anembodiment;

FIG. 7 illustrates DRX enhancements in LTE systems according to anembodiment;

FIG. 8 illustrates parameters for DRX control according to anembodiment;

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an example system that may be used topractice various embodiments described herein; and

FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine for providingDRX enhancements in LTE systems according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments described herein provide DRX enhancements in LTE systems. Asystem control module is provided for controlling communications via acommunications interface. A processor is coupled to the system controlmodule and is arranged to implement an inactivity timer and anon-duration timer for determining an active time for monitoringsubframes on the physical downlink control channel for control signals,the processor further monitoring subframes after the active time.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a wireless communication network 100 inaccordance with various embodiments. Wireless communication network 100(hereinafter “network 100”) may be an access network of a 3GPP LTEnetwork such as evolved universal terrestrial radio access network(“E-UTRAN”). The network 100 may include an eNB 105, configured towirelessly communicate with a UE 110.

As shown in FIG. 1, the UE 110 may include a transceiver module 120. Thetransceiver module 120 may be further coupled with one or more of aplurality of antennas 125 of the UE 110 for communicating wirelesslywith other components of the network 100, e.g., eNB 105. The antennas125 may be powered by a power amplifier 130 which may be a component ofthe transceiver module 120, as shown in FIG. 1, or may be a separatecomponent of the UE 110.

In one embodiment, the power amplifier provides the power fortransmissions on the antennas 125. In other embodiments, there may bemultiple power amplifiers on the UE 110. Multiple antennas 125 allow theUE 110 to use transmit diversity techniques such as spatial orthogonalresource transmit diversity (SORTD).

FIG. 2 illustrates a radio frame structure 200 according to anembodiment. In FIG. 2, the radio frame 200 has an overall length of 10ms 214. This is then divided into a total of 20 individual slots 210.Each subframe 212 includes of two slots 210 of length 0.5 ms, and eachslot 210 contains a number of OFDM symbols, Nsymb 220. Thus, there are10 subframes 212 within frame 200. Subframe #18 is shown expanded withreference to a subcarrier (frequency) axis 216 and an OFDM symbol (time)axis 218.

A resource element (RE) 230 is the smallest identifiable unit oftransmission and includes a subcarrier 232 for an OFDM symbol period234. Transmissions are scheduled in larger units called resource blocks(RBs) 240 which comprise a number of adjacent subcarriers 232 for aperiod of one 0.5 ms timeslot. Accordingly, the smallest dimensionalunit for assigning resources in the frequency domain is a “resourceblock” (RB) 240, i.e., a group of NR_(sc) ^(RB) adjacent subcarriers 232constitute a resource block (RB) 240. Each subframe 212 includes “NRB”resource blocks, i.e., the total number of the subcarriers withinsubframe NRB×N_(sc) ^(RB) 250.

FIG. 3 illustrates a discontinuous reception (DRX) 300 according to anembodiment. Normally, user equipment (UE) is used to read PDCCH forallocations in the subframes. However, an inactivity timer is used totime the duration in downlink subframes that the UE waits tosuccessfully decode a PDCCH, from the last successful decoding of aPDCCH. If the timer fails, the UE will re-enter a discontinuousreception (DRX) mode.

In FIG. 3, subframes 310 are received by a UE. The subframes may becharacterized as part of a continuous reception 320, a long DRX cycle330 or a short DRX cycle 340. UE checks for scheduling message 350,which may be indicated by a C-RNTI on the PDCCH during the on duration352. The on duration 352 may be for a long DRX cycle 330 or a short DRXcycle 340 depending on the current active cycle. The on duration 352 isthe duration in downlink subframes 310 that the UE waits for, afterwaking up from DRX to receive PDCCHs. If the UE successfully decodes aPDCCH, the UE stays awake and starts an inactivity timer.

When a scheduling message 350 is received during an on duration 352, theUE starts the DRX inactivity timer and monitors the PDCCH in thesubframes 310. During this monitoring period, the UE may be in acontinuous reception mode 320. If a scheduling message 350 is receivedand the DRX inactivity timer is running, the DRX inactivity timer isrestarted by the UE. When the inactivity timer expires 360, the UE movesinto a short DRX cycle 340 and a DRX short cycle timer is initiated. Theshort DRX cycle 340 may be initiated by a media access control (MAC)control element. When the short DRX cycle expires 370, the UE moves intoa long DRX cycle 330.

FIGS. 4 a-b illustrate the handling of an inactivity timer 400 accordingto an embodiment. In FIG. 4 a, two subframes 410, 412 are shown. A PDCCH420 is decoded. The UE restarts the inactivity timer 430 following thesuccessful decoding of a PDCCH 420 for a first transmission, i.e., notfor retransmissions. The PDCCH decoding 420 may finished before the nextsubframe.

FIG. 4 b shows an ePDCCH 440 is provided in a subframe 410. The UEstarts ePDCCH decoding 420 at the end of the subframe because the UEneeds to receive the subframe to decode the ePDCCH DCI message. Even ifthe UE decoding time is very short, the UE may not be able to completethe ePDCCH before the start of the next subframe 412. Therefore, the UEcannot determine whether the initial DL or UL grant is received in thenext subframe. Due to the latency with ePDCCH decoding, the UE may notable to start the inactivity timer 450 at the subframe 412.

If the next subframe 412 is an active subframe, there is no problem evenif the UE cannot start the inactivity timer in the subframe 410 in whichthe UE receives initial DL or UL grant. However, if the next subframe412 is an inactive subframe, the UE cannot monitor PDCCH or ePDCCH evenif the active time is extended with the inactivity timer because thedecoding in ePDCCH has not completed.

FIG. 5 illustrates the state transitions for DRX 500 according to anembodiment. In FIG. 5, states corresponding to the long DRX cycle 510,the short DRX cycle 520, and the continuous reception mode 530 areentered when certain criterion is met. The UE moves from continuousreception mode 530 to a short DRX cycle 520, from the short DRX cycle520 to a long DRX cycle 510, and from the long DRX cycle 510 tocontinuous reception mode 530. However, the UE may move between thecontinuous reception mode 530 and one of the short DRX cycle 520 or thelong DRX cycle 510. Transition may be controlled either by timers or byexplicit commands from the eNB.

The inactivity timer starts when the UE is in the continuous receptionmode 530. If the UE does not receive any new resource allocationinformation until the expiry of the inactivity timer 540, 570, the UEtransits to the next level of the DRX cycle; that is, it transits to ashort DRX cycle 520 if configured, and transits 570 to a long DRX cycle510 otherwise.

When the UE moves into a short DRX cycle 520, the UE starts the shortcycle timer. The UE stays in the short DRX cycle 520 until the expiry ofthe short cycle timer 550, and moves to a long DRX cycle 510 at theexpiry of the short cycle timer 550. If the UE receives any resourceallocation information 560 while the short cycle timer is running, theUE moves from the short DRX cycle 520 to continuous reception mode 530.More specifically, the UE immediately moves back to continuous receptionmode 530 when the UE receives resource allocation information 560, 562indicating a new transmission during any of the DRX cycle 510, 520.

In continuous reception mode 530, the UE is monitoring the PDCCH in thesubframes. Thus, the continuous reception mode 530 may be matched to thetime when the inactivity timer is running. In the short DRX cycle 520and the long DRX cycle 510, the UE monitors the PDCCH for some of thesubframes out of the available subframes. The UE's power consumption canbe reduced because the UE monitors a small portion of the possiblesubframes.

Referring again to FIG. 3, the on duration 380, 352 and the DRX periods382 are shown. The PDCCH monitoring time in each DRX cycle, continuousreception 320, long DRX cycle 330 and short DRX cycle 340 is called theon duration 380. The on duration 380, 352 is located in the first partof each DRX cycle. More specifically, a DRX cycle includes an onduration during which the UE monitors the PDCCH and the DRX period 382during which the UE is allowed not to monitor the PDCCH.

The number of subframes or the length of time that a UE uses to monitorthe PDCCH in one DRX cycle is controlled by an on duration timer. At thebeginning of each DRX cycle, the UE starts the on duration timer andmonitors the PDCCH while the on duration timer is running The length ofthe on duration timer controls the scheduling flexibility of the eNB. Ifthe length of the on duration timer is one subframe 310, the eNB cansend a resource allocation message during that one subframe 310.However, if the length of the on duration timer is more than onesubframe, the eNB can select one of the available subframes to send theresource allocation information. This is beneficial to the eNBespecially when the PDCCH is heavily loaded. Thus, depending on thelength of the on duration timer, the eNB can have flexibility regardingwhen to send resource allocation information. However, this comes at acost to the UE, because monitoring of one more subframe means moreconsumption of the UE's battery.

FIGS. 6 a-c shows operation of DRX active time 600 according to anembodiment. In FIG. 6 a, the original active time 610 is shown. Theactive time 610 is the time when a UE monitors the PDCCH for possibleresource allocation information. This active time 610 includes the timeperiod when timers such as inactivity timer, retransmission timer, andon duration timer are running. Regardless of the DRX cycle used, the UEmonitors the PDCCH during an on duration.

FIG. 6 b shows the extension of the active time according to anembodiment. When resource allocation information is received during theactive time, the UE starts or restarts the inactivity timer and monitorsfor receipt of PDCCH signaling 620 in a subframe while the inactivitytimer 622 is running Thus, resource allocation information receivedduring the active time effectively causes an extension of the activetime 630.

FIG. 6 c illustrates the end of the active time according to anembodiment. At the expiry of the inactivity timer or on receipt of a DRXCommand 640, e.g., MAC CE, the UE stops the active time 650 and movesinto a short DRX cycle 660. Alternative, a long DRX cycle (not shown inFIG. 6 c) may be entered. The UE monitors for PDCCH during the durationon periods 662.

FIG. 7 illustrates DRX enhancements in LTE systems 700 according to anembodiment. In FIG. 7, subframes 710 are shown with an active time 720set for monitoring a group of the subframes 730. For ePDCCH support, thecontroller module 732 of the UE monitors PDCCH or ePDCCH in the group ofsubframes 730 and then also monitors subframes after the active time 720until the UE knows whether the active time 720 has been extended. Thismeans that the UE receives PDCCH or ePDCCH in the subframe regardless ofthe decoding time used for the control channel including PDCCH andePDCCH if the associated subframe is within the active time 720.

For example, assuming that the end of the active time is subframe (n)740, the system controller 732 of the UE monitors PDCCH or ePDCCH in thesubframe (n+1) 742, (n+2) 744, . . . , (n+k) 746. Herein, k is a numberthat is determined based on the UE processing time for ePDCCH. The timefor ePDCCH decoding time may be around 0.5 ms. Therefore, the UEmonitors PDCCH or ePDCCH in the subframe (n+1), where the subframe (n)740 is the end of active time 720. The UE finishes decoding ePDCCH ofsubframe (n) 740 within the time period of subframe (n+1) 742. The UEmay need to actually decode ePDCCH of subframe (n+1) 742, althoughePDCCH there is no initial grant to the UE in the subframe (n) 740 afterthe decoding.

FIG. 8 illustrates parameters for DRX control 800 according to anembodiment. In FIG. 8, the DRX configuration 810 includes parameters forsetting the on duration timer 820, the inactivity timer 830, theretransmission timer 840, the long DRX cycle start offset 850 and theshort DRX cycle timer 860. A coexistence-friendly value 852 is added forthe long DRX cycle 850 for LTE+Bluetooth voice scenario parameter tosupport 70 ms long DRX cycle values. For the long DRX cycle start offset850, a value 852 of 70 ms may be used to support 70 ms long DRX cyclevalues. A long DRX cycle of 70 ms, for example, is beneficial because,for LTE TDD UL/DL Configuration 0, the HARQ timing period is 70 ms. If70 ms long DRX cycle value is not supported, then the HARQ timing willbe broken for the TDD UL/DL Configuration 0.

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an example system 900 that may be usedto practice various embodiments described herein. FIG. 9 illustrates,for one embodiment, an example system 900 having one or moreprocessor(s) 905, system control module 910 coupled to at least one ofthe processor(s) 905, system memory 915 coupled to system control module910, non-volatile memory (NVM)/storage 920 coupled to system controlmodule 910, and one or more communications interface(s) 925 coupled tosystem control module 910.

In some embodiments, the system 900 may be capable of functioning as theUE 110 as described herein. In other embodiments, the system 900 may becapable of functioning as the eNB 95 depicted in the embodiment shown inFIG. 1 or any one of the other described embodiments. In someembodiments, the system 900 may include one or more computer-readablemedia (e.g., system memory or NVM/storage 920) having instructions andone or more processors (e.g., processor(s) 905) coupled with the one ormore computer readable media and configured to execute the instructionsto implement a module to perform actions described herein. Systemcontrol module 910 for one embodiment may include any suitable interfacecontrollers to provide for any suitable interface to at least one of theprocessor(s) 905 and/or to any suitable device or component incommunication with system control module 910. Processor(s) 905 may bearranged to implement an on duration timer 940, an inactivity timer 942,a retransmission timer 944, a long DRX cycle timer 946 and a short DRXcycle timer 948.

System control module 910 may include memory controller module 930 toprovide an interface to system memory 915. The memory controller module930 may be a hardware module, a software module, and/or a firmwaremodule.

System memory 915 may be used to load and store data and/orinstructions, for example, for system 900. System memory 915 for oneembodiment may include any suitable volatile memory, such as suitableDRAM, for example. In some embodiments, the system memory 915 mayinclude double data rate type four synchronous dynamic random-accessmemory (DDR4 SDRAM). System control module 910 for one embodiment mayinclude one or more input/output (I/O) controller(s) to provide aninterface to NVM/storage 920 and communications interface(s) 925.

The NVM/storage 920 may be used to store data and/or instructions, forexample. NVM/storage 920 may include any suitable non-volatile memory,such as flash memory, for example, and/or may include any suitablenon-volatile storage device(s), such as one or more hard disk drive(s)(HDD(s)), one or more compact disc (CD) drive(s), and/or one or moredigital versatile disc (DVD) drive(s), for example. The NVM/storage 920may include a storage resource physically part of a device on which thesystem 900 is installed or it may be accessible by, but not necessarilya part of, the device. For example, the NVM/storage 920 may be accessedover a network via the communications interface(s) 925.

Communications interface(s) 925 may provide an interface for system 900to communicate over one or more network(s) and/or with any othersuitable device. The system 900 may wirelessly communicate with the oneor more components of the wireless network in accordance with any of oneor more wireless network standards and/or protocols.

For one embodiment, at least one of the processor(s) 905 may be packagedtogether with logic for one or more controller(s) of system controlmodule 910, e.g., memory controller module 930. For one embodiment, atleast one of the processor(s) 905 may be packaged together with logicfor one or more controllers of system control module 910 to form aSystem in Package (SiP). For one embodiment, at least one of theprocessor(s) 905 may be integrated on the same die with logic for one ormore controller(s) of system control module 910. For one embodiment, atleast one of the processor(s) 905 may be integrated on the same die withlogic for one or more controller(s) of system control module 910 to forma System on Chip (SoC).

In various embodiments, the system 900 may be, but is not limited to, aserver, a workstation, a desktop computing device, or a mobile computingdevice (e.g., a laptop computing device, a handheld computing device, atablet, a netbook, etc.). In various embodiments, the system 900 mayhave more or less components, and/or different architectures. Forexample, in some embodiments, the system 900 includes one or more of acamera, a keyboard, liquid crystal display (LCD) screen (including touchscreen displays), non-volatile memory port, multiple antennas, graphicschip, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and speakers.

FIG. 10 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine 1000 forproviding DRX enhancements in LTE systems according to an embodimentupon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies)discussed herein may perform. In alternative embodiments, the machine1000 may operate as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g.,networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the machine1000 may operate in the capacity of a server machine and/or a clientmachine in server-client network environments. In an example, themachine 1000 may act as a peer machine in peer-to-peer (P2P) (or otherdistributed) network environment. The machine 1000 may be a personalcomputer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a Personal DigitalAssistant (PDA), a mobile telephone, a web appliance, a network router,switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing instructions(sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by thatmachine. Further, while a single machine is illustrated, the term“machine” shall also be taken to include any collection of machines thatindividually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructionsto perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein, suchas cloud computing, software as a service (SaaS), other computer clusterconfigurations.

Examples, as described herein, may include, or may operate on, logic ora number of components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules are tangibleentities (e.g., hardware) capable of performing specified operations andmay be configured or arranged in a certain manner. In an example,circuits may be arranged (e.g., internally or with respect to externalentities such as other circuits) in a specified manner as a module. Inan example, at least a part of one or more computer systems (e.g., astandalone, client or server computer system) or one or more hardwareprocessors 1002 may be configured by firmware or software (e.g.,instructions, an application portion, or an application) as a modulethat operates to perform specified operations. In an example, thesoftware may reside on at least one machine readable medium. In anexample, the software, when executed by the underlying hardware of themodule, causes the hardware to perform the specified operations.

Accordingly, the term “module” is understood to encompass a tangibleentity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, specificallyconfigured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily (e.g., transitorily)configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a specified manner or toperform at least part of any operation described herein. Consideringexamples in which modules are temporarily configured, a module need notbe instantiated at any one moment in time. For example, where themodules comprise a general-purpose hardware processor 1002 configuredusing software; the general-purpose hardware processor may be configuredas respective different modules at different times. Software mayaccordingly configure a hardware processor, for example, to constitute aparticular module at one instance of time and to constitute a differentmodule at a different instance of time. The term “application,” orvariants thereof, is used expansively herein to include routines,program modules, programs, components, and the like, and may beimplemented on various system configurations, including single-processoror multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based electronics, single-coreor multi-core systems, combinations thereof, and the like. Thus, theterm application may be used to refer to an embodiment of software or tohardware arranged to perform at least part of any operation describedherein.

Machine (e.g., computer system) 1000 may include a hardware processor1002 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit(GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a mainmemory 1004 and a static memory 1006, at least some of which maycommunicate with others via an interlink (e.g., bus) 1008. The machine1000 may further include a display unit 1010, an alphanumeric inputdevice 1012 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigationdevice 1014 (e.g., a mouse). In an example, the display unit 1010, inputdevice 1012 and UI navigation device 1014 may be a touch screen display.The machine 1000 may additionally include a storage device (e.g., driveunit) 1016, a signal generation device 1018 (e.g., a speaker), a networkinterface device 1020, and one or more sensors 1021, such as a globalpositioning system (GPS) sensor, compass, accelerometer, or othersensor. The machine 1000 may include an output controller 1028, such asa serial (e.g., universal serial bus (USB), parallel, or other wired orwireless (e.g., infrared (IR)) connection to communicate or control oneor more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, card reader, etc.).

The storage device 1016 may include at least one machine readable medium1022 on which is stored one or more sets of data structures orinstructions 1024 (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one ormore of the techniques or functions described herein. The instructions1024 may also reside, at least partially, additional machine readablememories such as main memory 1004, static memory 1006, or within thehardware processor 1002 during execution thereof by the machine 1000. Inan example, one or any combination of the hardware processor 1002, themain memory 1004, the static memory 1006, or the storage device 1016 mayconstitute machine readable media.

While the machine readable medium 1022 is illustrated as a singlemedium, the term “machine readable medium” may include a single mediumor multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/orassociated caches and servers) that configured to store the one or moreinstructions 1024.

The term “machine readable medium” may include any medium that iscapable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution bythe machine 1000 and that cause the machine 1000 to perform any one ormore of the techniques of the present disclosure, or that is capable ofstoring, encoding or carrying data structures used by or associated withsuch instructions. Non-limiting machine readable medium examples mayinclude solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media. Specificexamples of machine readable media may include: non-volatile memory,such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., Electrically ProgrammableRead-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-OnlyMemory (EEPROM)) and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such asinternal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; andCD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.

The instructions 1024 may further be transmitted or received over acommunications network 1026 using a transmission medium via the networkinterface device 1020 utilizing any one of a number of transferprotocols (e.g., frame relay, internet protocol (IP), transmissioncontrol protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), hypertext transferprotocol (HTTP), etc.). Example communication networks may include alocal area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a packet datanetwork (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephone networks ((e.g., channelaccess methods including Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA),Time-division multiple access (TDMA), Frequency-division multiple access(FDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) andcellular networks such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM),Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), CDMA 2000 1×*standards and Long Term Evolution (LTE)), Plain Old Telephone (POTS)networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) 802 family of standards including IEEE802.11 standards (WiFi), IEEE 802.16 standards (WiMax®) and others),peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, or other protocols now known or laterdeveloped.

For example, the network interface device 1020 may include one or morephysical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or phone jacks) or one or moreantennas to connect to the communications network 1026. In an example,the network interface device 1020 may include a plurality of antennas towirelessly communicate using at least one of single-inputmultiple-output (SIMO), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), ormultiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques. The term “transmissionmedium” shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capableof storing, encoding or carrying instructions for execution by themachine 1000, and includes digital or analog communications signals orother intangible medium to facilitate communication of such software.FIG. 11 illustrates example of PUCCH resource collision 1100 due tolegacy PDCCH and ePDCCH. As shown in FIG. 11, the CCE or eCCE indices1110 are shown. Indices #m+2 1120 and #m+3 1122 are associated withPDCCH with aggregation level 2 for UE#0 1130. However, indices #m+2 1120and #m+3 1122 are also associated with PDCCH with aggregation level 2for UE#1 1140. Two UEs, e.g., UE#0 1130 and UE#1 1140 thus have the samelowest CCE (eCCE) index, which results in the use of the same PUCCHresources. This problem can be solved by introducing offset value ininducing PUCCH resources. If the offset value is denoted as n_(offset),then PUCCH resource for HARQ-ACK due to ePDCCH can be determined:

For FDD:

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ⁰ ⁾ _(PUCCH) =n _(eCCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +n_(offset) for antenna port 0,

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ¹ ⁾ _(PUCCH) =n _(eCCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +n_(offset) for antenna port 1.

For TDD:

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ⁰ ⁾ _(PUCCH)=(M−m−1)·N_(c) +m·N _(c+1) +n_(CCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +n _(offset) for antenna port 0,

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ¹ ⁾ _(PUCCH)=(M−m−1)·N_(c) +m·N _(c+1) +n_(CCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +n _(offset) for antenna port 1,

The offset value n_(offset) can be given via DCI. It can be x-bits andnaturally more x-bits can provide more degree of freedom to avoid thecollisions. Alternatively, the offset value n_(offset) can be an antennaspecific offset associated with antenna port p, where p is the antennaport allocated to the first CCE of corresponding ePDCCH. For distributedePDCCH, k_(p)=0, p=107, 109 and for localized ePDCCH, k_(p)=p−107,p∈{107, 108, 109, 110}. In this case, it can be n_(offset)=2·m·k_(p)(where m is integer). If m=1, n_(offset)=2·k_(p). Another expressionwith antenna specific offset is as follows:

For FDD:)

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ⁰ ⁾ _(PUCCH) =n _(eCCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +k _(p)for antenna port 0,

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ¹ ⁾ _(PUCCH) =n _(eCCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +k _(p)for antenna port 1.

For TDD:

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ⁰ ⁾ _(PUCCH)=(M−m−1)·N_(c) +m·N _(c+1) +n_(CCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +k _(p) for antenna port 0,

n ^((1,{tilde over (p)}) ¹ ⁾ _(PUCCH)=(M−m−1)·N_(c) +m·N _(c+1) +n_(CCE) +N ⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH) +k _(p) for antenna port 1,

where k_(p) can be an antenna specific offset associated with antennaport p, where p is the antenna port allocated to the first CCE ofcorresponding ePDCCH. For distributed ePDCCH, k_(p)=0,p=107,109 and forlocalized ePDCCH, k_(p)=2·(p−107), p∈{107,108,109,110}.

Accordingly, a lowest control channel element index (n_(CCE)), a lowestenhanced control channel element index (n_(eCCE)), a user equipmentspecific starting offset (N⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH)) and at least one additionaloffset-related parameter may be received on an enhanced physicaldownlink control channel (ePDCCH). An allocation of an uplink resourceof a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for Hybrid Automatic RepeatreQuest-ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK) transmission may be determined basedon the lowest control channel element index (n_(CCE)), the lowestenhanced control channel element index (n_(eCCE)), the user equipmentspecific starting offset (N⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH)) and at least one additionaloffset-related parameter. The additional offset-related parameter mayinclude an acknowledgement/non-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) resourceoffset (ARO) value, an antenna port offset (AP), a maximum number ofeCCE indices among ePDCCH sets to a user equipment in a specifiedsubframe (N_(m)), an offset informed to the user equipment by higherlayer signaling to avoid collision with the user equipment incoordinating cells (N⁽¹⁾ _(PUCCH,CoMP)), and/or a value associated withone or more of a specific subframe, a signaled value, a physicaldownlink shared channel, and a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS).

Additional Notes & In Examples:

In Example 1 includes subject matter (such as a device, apparatus,client or system) for a serving node, including a system control modulefor controlling communications via a communications interface and aprocessor, coupled to the system control module, the processor arrangedto implement an inactivity timer and an on-duration timer fordetermining an active time for monitoring subframes on the physicaldownlink control channel for control signals, the processor furthermonitoring subframes after the active time.

In Example 2 the subject matter of Example 1 may optionally include,wherein the processor detects and initiates decoding of a control signalreceived on the PDCCH during a time period associated with the subframeproviding the control signal, the processor determining whether thedecoding of the control signal has been completed at the end of thesubframe and continuing to monitor subsequent frames after the activetime.

In Example 3 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-2 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor continues to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time to determine whether a linkgrant is received in the subsequent frame while decoding the controlsignal.

In Example 4 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-3 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor initiates the inactivity timerafter decoding the control signal.

In Example 5 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-4 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring a continuous reception mode.

In Example 6 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-5 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring an on-duration period of a short discontinuous reception cycle.

In Example 7 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-6 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring an on-duration period of a long discontinuous reception cycle.

In Example 8 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-7 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor is further arranged toimplement an inactivity timer and an on-duration timer for determiningan active time for monitoring subframes on the physical downlink controlchannel for resource allocations, the processor further arranged toimplement a continuous reception mode, a short discontinuous receptioncycle and a long discontinuous reception cycle, wherein the longdiscontinuous reception cycle is set to seventy milliseconds to allowmonitoring during a HARQ timing period.

In Example 9 includes subject matter (such as a device, apparatus,client or system) for a serving node, including a system control modulefor controlling communications via a communications interface and aprocessor, coupled to the system control module, the processor arrangedto implement an inactivity timer and an on-duration timer fordetermining an active time for monitoring subframes on the physicaldownlink control channel for resource allocations, the processor furtherarranged to implement a continuous reception mode, a short discontinuousreception cycle and a long discontinuous reception cycle, wherein thelong discontinuous reception cycle is set to seventy milliseconds toallow monitoring during a HARQ timing period.

In Example 10 the subject matter of Example 9 may optionally include,wherein the processor is further arranged to implement an inactivitytimer and an on-duration timer for determining an active time formonitoring subframes on the physical downlink control channel forresource allocations, the processor further monitoring subframes afterthe active time.

In Example 11 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-10 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor detects and initiates decodingof a control signal received on the PDCCH during a time periodassociated with the subframe providing the control signal, the processordetermining whether the decoding of the control signal has beencompleted at the end of the subframe and continuing to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time.

In Example 12 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-11 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor continues to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time to determine whether a linkgrant is received in the subsequent frame while decoding the controlsignal.

In Example 13 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-12 mayoptionally include, wherein the processor initiates the inactivity timerafter decoding the control signal.

In Example 14 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-13 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring a continuous reception mode.

In Example 15 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-14 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring an on-duration period of a short discontinuous reception cycle.

In Example 16 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 9-15 mayoptionally include, wherein the control signal is received in a subframeduring an on-duration period of a long discontinuous reception cycle.

In Example 17 may include subject matter (such as a method or means forperforming acts) including, implementing an inactivity timer and anon-duration timer for determining an active time for monitoringsubframes on the physical downlink control channel for control signals,receiving a control signal in a subframe received on the physicaldownlink control channel, initiating decoding of the control signalduring a time period associated with the subframe , determining whetherthe decoding of the control signal has been completed at the end of thesubframe and continuing to monitor subsequent subframes for controlsignals received on the physical downlink control channel after theactive time.

In Example 18 the subject matter of Example 17 may optionally includefurther comprises determining whether the decoding of the control signalhas been completed at the end of the subframe and continuing to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time.

In Example 19 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-18may optionally include, wherein the continuing to monitor subsequentsubframes for control signals received on the physical downlink controlchannel after the active time comprises determining whether a link grantis received in the subsequent frame while decoding the control signal.

In Example 20 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-19may optionally include, wherein the receiving the control signal in thesubframe received on the physical downlink control channel furthercomprises receiving the control signal in a subframe during a continuousreception mode.

In Example 21 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-20may optionally include, further comprising implementing a continuousreception mode, a short discontinuous reception cycle and a longdiscontinuous reception cycle and setting a start offset of the longdiscontinuous reception cycle to seventy milliseconds to allowmonitoring during a HARQ timing period.

In Example 22 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-21may optionally include, determining an active time for monitoringsubframes on the physical downlink control channel for resourceallocations based on an inactivity timer and on-duration timer,implementing a continuous reception mode, a short discontinuousreception cycle and a long discontinuous reception cycle, and setting astart offset of the long discontinuous reception cycle to seventymilliseconds to allow monitoring during a HARQ timing period.

In Example 23 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-22may optionally include, further comprising monitoring subframes afterthe active time.

In Example 24 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 17-23may optionally include, further comprising detecting a control signalreceived on the PDCCH during a time period associated with the subframeproviding the control signal, decoding the control signal, determiningwhether the decoding of the control signal has been completed at the endof the subframe and continuing to monitor subsequent frames after theactive time.

Example 25 may include subject matter (such as means for performing actsor machine readable medium including instructions that, when executed bythe machine, cause the machine to perform acts) including implementingan inactivity timer and an on-duration timer for determining an activetime for monitoring subframes on the physical downlink control channelfor control signals, receiving a control signal in a subframe receivedon the physical downlink control channel, initiating decoding of thecontrol signal during a time period associated with the subframe,determining whether the decoding of the control signal has beencompleted at the end of the subframe and continuing to monitorsubsequent subframes for control signals received on the physicaldownlink control channel after the active time.

In Example 26 the subject matter of Example 25 may optionally includedetermining whether the decoding of the control signal has beencompleted at the end of the subframe and continuing to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time.

In Example 27 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 25-26may optionally include, wherein the continuing to monitor subsequentsubframes for control signals received on the physical downlink controlchannel after the active time comprises determining whether a link grantis received in the subsequent frame while decoding the control signal.

In Example 28 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 25-27may optionally include, wherein the receiving the control signal in thesubframe received on the physical downlink control channel furthercomprises receiving the control signal in a subframe during a continuousreception mode.

In Example 29 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 25-28may optionally include, implementing a continuous reception mode, ashort discontinuous reception cycle and a long discontinuous receptioncycle and setting a start offset of the long discontinuous receptioncycle to seventy milliseconds to allow monitoring during a HARQ timingperiod.

Example 30 may include subject matter (such as means for performing actsor machine readable medium including instructions that, when executed bythe machine, cause the machine to perform acts) including determining anactive time for monitoring subframes on the physical downlink controlchannel for resource allocations based on an inactivity timer andon-duration timer, implementing a continuous reception mode, a shortdiscontinuous reception cycle and a long discontinuous reception cycleand setting a start offset of the long discontinuous reception cycle toseventy milliseconds to allow monitoring during a HARQ timing period.

In Example 31 the subject matter of Example 30 may optionally include,monitoring subframes after the active time.

In Example 32 the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 30-31may optionally include, detecting a control signal received on the PDCCHduring a time period associated with the subframe providing the controlsignal, decoding the control signal, determining whether the decoding ofthe control signal has been completed at the end of the subframe andcontinuing to monitor subsequent frames after the active time.

The above detailed description includes references to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawingsshow, by way of illustration, specific embodiments that may bepracticed. These embodiments are also referred to herein as “examples.”Such examples may include elements in addition to those shown ordescribed. However, also contemplated are examples that include theelements shown or described. Moreover, also contemplate are examplesusing any combination or permutation of those elements shown ordescribed (or one or more aspects thereof), either with respect to aparticular example (or one or more aspects thereof), or with respect toother examples (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or describedherein.

Publications, patents, and patent documents referred to in this documentare incorporated by reference herein in their entirety, as thoughindividually incorporated by reference. In the event of inconsistentusages between this document and those documents so incorporated byreference, the usage in the incorporated reference(s) are supplementaryto that of this document; for irreconcilable inconsistencies, the usagein this document controls.

In this document, the terms “a” or “an” are used, as is common in patentdocuments, to include one or more than one, independent of any otherinstances or usages of “at least one” or “one or more.” In thisdocument, the term “or” is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that“A or B” includes “A but not B,” “B but not A,” and “A and B,” unlessotherwise indicated. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and“in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respectiveterms “comprising” and “wherein.” Also, in the following claims, theterms “including” and “comprising” are open-ended, that is, a system,device, article, or process that includes elements in addition to thoselisted after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within thescope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms“first,” “second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels, and arenot intended to suggest a numerical order for their objects.

The above description is intended to be illustrative, and notrestrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or moreaspects thereof) may be used in combination with others. Otherembodiments may be used, such as by one of ordinary skill in the artupon reviewing the above description. The Abstract is to allow thereader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure, forexample, to comply with 37 C.F.R. § 1.72(b) in the United States ofAmerica. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be usedto interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Also, in theabove Detailed Description, various features may be grouped together tostreamline the disclosure. However, the claims may not set forthfeatures disclosed herein because embodiments may include a subset ofsaid features. Further, embodiments may include fewer features thanthose disclosed in a particular example. Thus, the following claims arehereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with a claim standingon its own as a separate embodiment. The scope of the embodimentsdisclosed herein is to be determined with reference to the appendedclaims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claimsare entitled.

What is claimed is: 1-26. (canceled)
 27. A user equipment, comprising: asystem control module for controlling communications via acommunications interface; and a processor, coupled to the system controlmodule, the processor arranged to implement an inactivity timer and anon-duration timer for determining an active time for monitoringsubframes on the physical downlink control channel for control signals,the processor further monitoring subframes after the active time. 28.The user equipment of claim 27, wherein the processor detects andinitiates decoding of a control signal received on the PDCCH during atime period associated with the subframe providing the control signal,the processor determining whether the decoding of the control signal hasbeen completed at the end of the subframe and continuing to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time.
 29. The user equipment of claim27, wherein the processor continues to monitor subsequent frames afterthe active time to determine whether a link grant is received in thesubsequent frame while decoding the control signal.
 30. The userequipment of claim 27, wherein the processor initiates the inactivitytimer after decoding the control signal.
 31. The user equipment of claim27, wherein the control signal is received in a subframe during acontinuous reception mode.
 32. The user equipment of claim 27, whereinthe control signal is received in a subframe during an on-durationperiod of a short discontinuous reception cycle.
 33. The user equipmentof claim 27, wherein the control signal is received in a subframe duringan on-duration period of a long discontinuous reception cycle.
 34. Theuser equipment of claim 27, wherein the processor is further arranged toimplement an inactivity timer and an on-duration timer for determiningan active time for monitoring subframes on the physical downlink controlchannel for resource allocations, the processor further arranged toimplement a continuous reception mode, a short discontinuous receptioncycle and a long discontinuous reception cycle, wherein a start offsetof the long discontinuous reception cycle is set to seventy millisecondsto allow monitoring during a HARQ timing period.
 35. A user equipment,comprising: a system control module for controlling communications via acommunications interface; and a processor, coupled to the system controlmodule, the processor arranged to implement an inactivity timer and anon-duration timer for determining an active time for monitoringsubframes on the physical downlink control channel for resourceallocations, the processor further arranged to implement a continuousreception mode, a short discontinuous reception cycle and a longdiscontinuous reception cycle, wherein a start offset of the longdiscontinuous reception cycle is set to seventy milliseconds to allowmonitoring during a HARQ timing period.
 36. The user equipment of claim35, wherein the processor is further arranged to implement an inactivitytimer and an on-duration timer for determining an active time formonitoring subframes on the physical downlink control channel forresource allocations, the processor further monitoring subframes afterthe active time.
 37. The user equipment of claim 36, wherein theprocessor detects and initiates decoding of a control signal received onthe PDCCH during a time period associated with the subframe providingthe control signal, the processor determining whether the decoding ofthe control signal has been completed at the end of the subframe andcontinuing to monitor subsequent frames after the active time.
 38. Theuser equipment of claim 36, wherein the processor continues to monitorsubsequent frames after the active time to determine whether a linkgrant is received in the subsequent frame while decoding the controlsignal.
 39. The user equipment of claim 36, wherein the processorinitiates the inactivity timer after decoding the control signal. 40.The user equipment of claim 36, wherein the control signal is receivedin a subframe during a continuous reception mode.
 41. The user equipmentof claim 36, wherein the control signal is received in a subframe duringan on-duration period of a short discontinuous reception cycle.
 42. Theuser equipment of claim 36, wherein the control signal is received in asubframe during an on-duration period of a long discontinuous receptioncycle.
 43. A method for providing discontinuous reception monitoring ofa physical downlink control channel, comprising: implementing aninactivity timer and an on-duration timer for determining an active timefor monitoring subframes on the physical downlink control channel forcontrol signals; receiving a control signal in a subframe received onthe physical downlink control channel; initiating decoding of thecontrol signal during a time period associated with the subframe;determining whether the decoding of the control signal has beencompleted at the end of the subframe; and continuing to monitorsubsequent subframes for control signals received on the physicaldownlink control channel after the active time.
 44. The method of claim43 further comprises determining whether the decoding of the controlsignal has been completed at the end of the subframe and continuing tomonitor subsequent frames after the active time.
 45. The method of claim43, wherein the continuing to monitor subsequent subframes for controlsignals received on the physical downlink control channel after theactive time comprises determining whether a link grant is received inthe subsequent frame while decoding the control signal.
 46. The methodof claim 43, wherein the receiving the control signal in the subframereceived on the physical downlink control channel further comprisesreceiving the control signal in a subframe during a continuous receptionmode.
 47. The method of claim 43 further comprising implementing acontinuous reception mode, a short discontinuous reception cycle and along discontinuous reception cycle and setting a start offset of thelong discontinuous reception cycle to seventy milliseconds to allowmonitoring during a HARQ timing period.
 48. A method for providingdiscontinuous reception monitoring of a physical downlink controlchannel, comprising: determining an active time for monitoring subframeson the physical downlink control channel for resource allocations basedon an inactivity timer and on-duration timer; implementing a continuousreception mode, a short discontinuous reception cycle and a longdiscontinuous reception cycle; and setting a start offset of the longdiscontinuous reception cycle to seventy milliseconds to allowmonitoring during a HARQ timing period.
 49. The method of claim 48further comprising monitoring subframes after the active time.
 50. Themethod of claim 48 further comprising detecting a control signalreceived on the PDCCH during a time period associated with the subframeproviding the control signal, decoding the control signal, determiningwhether the decoding of the control signal has been completed at the endof the subframe and continuing to monitor subsequent frames after theactive time.